Epilepsy is a complex disorder, which involves much more than seizures, encompassing a
range of associated comorbid health conditions that can have significant health and quality-
of-life implications. Of these comorbidities, cognitive impairment is one of the most common
and distressing aspects of epilepsy. Clinical studies have demonstrated that refractory
seizures, resistant to antiepileptic drugs, and occurring early in life have significant adverse
effects on cognitive function. Much of what has been learned about the neurobiological …