Lung transplant is a definitive treatment for several end-stage lung diseases. However, the
high incidence of allograft rejection limits the overall survival following lung transplantation.
Traditionally, alloimmunity directed against human leukocyte antigens (HLA) has been
implicated in transplant rejection. Recently, the clinical impact of non-HLA lung-restricted
antibodies (LRA) has been recognized and extensive research has demonstrated that they
may play a dominant role in the development of lung allograft rejection. The immunogenic …